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Topics containing the search term "turtle" are:

1. Penis form in mammals, turtles, birds and octopus
   The specific case of a penis with a hydrostatic structure, as well as an array of collagen fibres that allows both expansion and guards against aneurysms, has evolved in a strikingly convergent fashion in mammals and turtles.

2. Vibrational communication in animals
   What on earth could an elephant or treehoppers have in common with a seismometer?

3. Suction feeding in fish, amphibians, reptiles and aquatic mammals
   Probably everyone is familiar with the walrus, but did you know that it generates a vacuum in its mouth to suck clams out of their shells? And this is just one example of suction feeding, the feeding mode typically used by bony fish…

4. Beak structures in reptiles and birds
   Among reptile taxa with beak structures, we find several cases of convergent evolution, for example between turtles, Uromastyx lizards, a number of herbivorous dinosaurs and the tuatara (Sphenodon) of New Zealand.

5. Venom and venom fangs in snakes, lizards and synapsids
   Although the evolution of snake fangs itself provides us with a window on convergence, the presence of fang-like teeth in lizards, therapsids and mammals provides an even broader and more remarkable perspective.

6. Feeding in snakes and lizards
   The Turtle-headed sea snake feeds on small eggs and its feeding shows intriguing similarities to the way lizards forage, and herbivorous mammals graze and browse.

7. Viviparity in sauropterygians
   “The [fossilised] embryos are mostly in articulation and their distribution on each side indicates that female Keichousaurus hui had a pair of oviducts as in ichthyosaurs and many extant lizards.” Y. Cheng et al. (2003) Nature vol. 432, p.383

8. Loss of olfactory capacity in primates and cetaceans
   It is widely thought that reduced olfactory capacity in apes is linked to the development of acute vision, especially trichromacy.

9. Gut fermentation in herbivorous animals
   Ever tried eating a newspaper? Don't. Plant cell walls contain cellulose, which is notoriously difficult to digest. Considering that all vertebrates lack the enzymes to attack this polysaccharide, how do so many of them manage to survive on a plant diet?

10. Burrowing: from worms to vertebrates
    Quite a few adaptations are useful for burrowing into the soil. So it is not exactly surprising that they have evolved several times...